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Two Rak'aats before the Salah of Maghrib
Hazrat Abdullah Al-Muzani (Radiyallahu Anhu) narrates that Nabi (Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said:
"Perform Salah before the Salah of Maghrib and the third time he said that (this order is) for the one who wants to (do it) as precaution so that people do not consider it as a regular principle." (Saheeh Bukhari)
Explanation:
In this Hadith, Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) had ordered to perform Salah before the Salah of Maghrib. And the Salah that Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) had ordered to do, is a Nafl Salah which he ordered to perform after Azaan before the performance of the Farz of Maghrib.
Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) repeated it three times and in the third time, he gave the choice of doing it or not doing it: the one who wishes, may perform it and the one who does not wish, may refrain. Thus, this order to perform 2 Rak’at is an optional order. It is not obligatory. And if, in the third time, when Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) said that those who want, they can do it, it is merely as a precaution so that it does not become a permanent practice. Thus, from this Hadith, it appears that these 2 Rak'at is an authorised practice. However, Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) did not approve of his ‘Ummah making it a regular practice.
The Hadith of Hazrat Anas (Radiyallahu Anhu)
Hazrat Anas Bin Malik (Radiyallahu Anhu) reported that when the Mua'zzin would start giving Azaan, a group of the Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) would run towards the columns (of the Masjid to perform Salah) until Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) (had the time to) came out and they were still performing the two Rak'aats before Maghrib. And there was almost nothing (as time) between the Azaan and the Iqaamat. (Saheeh Bukhari)
Explanation:
According to this Hadith, a group of Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) was performing 2 Rak'aat before the Salah of Maghrib. And they started it as soon as the Mua'zzin starts giving the Azaan. they did not wait for the Azaan to be completed. Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) also did not allocate a special time to perform it. Thus, it was an authorised practice. However, it seems that the majority were not performing it. This is an indication that it was not so essential nor was it an established practice on a permanent basis. This seems clearer when we see that Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) was not allocating any additional time to perform it.
According to a Hadith of Abu Dawud which has an authentic chain of narration, in response to a question that someone asked Hazrat Abdullah Bin 'Umar (Radiyallahu Anhuma) concerning the 2 Rak'aats before Maghrib, Hazrat Abdullah Bin' Umar (Radiyallahu Anhuma) pointed out:
“… I did not see anyone perform it (that is 2 Rak'at before Maghrib) during the time of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam)…” (Abu Dawud)
It is impossible that the Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) were performing it and Hazrat Abdullah Bin 'Umar (Radiyallahu Anhuma) did not see anyone performing it. It seems that these 2 Rak'aats before Maghrib, only existed for a certain time/ period. After some time, it was no longer practised during the lifetime of Nabi (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) itself. It was concerning this same time that Hazrat Abdullah Bin 'Umar (Radiyallahu Anhuma) says that he did not see anyone performing it. The Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum), such as Hazrat Abu Bakr (Radiyallahu Anhu), Hazrat 'Oumar (Radiyallahu Anhu), Hazrat Ous'maan (Radiyallahu Anhu) and Hazrat Ali (Radiyallahu Anhu), were not practicing it. This also is a proof that it was not a practice that was existing all the time. Among other things, it seems that from the beginning itself, not all the Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) were practicing it. Likewise, it was not a practice that continued.
The Hadith of Hazrat Jabir (Radiyallahu Anhu)
Hazrat Jabir (Radiyallahu Anhu) narrated: "We asked the wives of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam): Did you see Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) performing 2 Rak'at before Maghrib?" They answered no except that Hazrat Umme Salamah (Radiyallahu Anha) said: "Once he performed them by me and I had asked him what Salah was it. Then, He had told me: I had forgotten the 2 Rak'at before Assr, thus I have performed it now." (Tabraanî)
The Position of this Hadith:
This Hadith is classified as Hassan.
Explanation:
The Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) had asked the wives of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) regarding those 2 Rak'at just as there was a group who had asked Hazrat Abdullah Bin 'Umar (Radiyallahu Anhuma) about it. Hazrat Abdullah Bin 'Umar (Radiyallahu Anhu) replied that he did not see anyone performing it during the time of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam). And likewise, the wives of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) replied that they did not see Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam) performing these 2 Rak’at.
What prompted the Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) to ask such a question?
It seems that they saw the Hadith which authorises these two Rak'at but practically speaking, it was non-existent. This means that at the time of the Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) itself, this was not being practiced. This is a sign that it is not a Sunnah. At most, it can be said that this is an authorised practice and that also, it should not be adopted on a permanent basis. For certain 'Ulama, these two Rak'at were allowed just to show that the time wherein it was prohibited from performing the Salah of Nafl, has ended after sunset. When the Sahaabah-e-Kiraam (Radiyallahu Anhum) understood this well, this practice was stopped.
As a recapitulation, we can say that these two Rak'at were a simple authorisation. It should not be adopted as a permanent and a regular practice. Nor should one allocate a special time for it. Allocating special time to perform it and performing it regularly, seems to be against the Sunnah and the desire of Nabi (Sallallaahou Aaihi Wasallam) in the light of the Hadith of Hazrat Abdullah Al-Muzani (Radiyallahu Anhu) and Hazrat Anas (Radiyallahu Anhu).
[English version of "Deux rakaat avant namaz Maghrib" – Al Jamiat – Vol.5 No.6]
