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Hadith
"... Certainly Allah does not accept the Salah of a person whose Izaar (pants) is below the ankles." (Abu Dawood)
Question:
If I come to the Masjid for Farz Salah and I find the Imaam in Ruku’, what should I do? If I manage to get the Ruku’, should I still replace this Rak'aat?
Answer:
It is Sunnah to do Takbeer-e-Tahreemah in the standing posture and then join the Imaam in the posture that he is in. If he sees that he has sufficient time to recite Sana (subhaanakallahuma) and join the Imaam in Ruku’ before he rises from Ruku’, then he can do so. Otherwise, he must join the Imaam in the Ruku’ without reciting Sana.
According to Sunan Said Bin Mansur, Al-Baihaqi, Musannaf Ibn Abu Shaibah, Sahih Ibn Khuzaimah and Tahawi, Hazrat Abdul Aziz bin Roufai (Radiyallahu Anhu) narrates that the inhabitants of Madinah had informed him that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu A'laihi Wasallam) said:
"The one who finds me in the position of Qiyaam, Ruku’ or Sajdah, then he should join me in that posture (itself)."
According to Allaamah Ibn Hajar (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh), this Hadith has been qualified as authentic by Allaamah Bin Hazm and Ibn Daqiq-ul-Eid. A similar Hadith has also been narrated by Hazrat ‘Ali (Radiyallahu anhu) and Hazrat Mu'aaz bin Jabal (Radiyallahu anhu) in Tirmizi.
The second part of your question is whether you should replace this Rak'aat in case you have managed to join the Imaam in Ruku’. In this case, you do not have to replace this Rak'aat. If ever it is replaced, it is as though an additional Rak'aat has been performed which is not correct. According to a Hadith of Abu Dawud, Rasulullah (Sallallaahu A'laihi Wasallam) said:
"When you come for Salah while we are in Sajdah, then you should also perform Sajdah, but you should not consider it. And the one who had got the Ruku’ (it means that he has) got the Salah."
According to Musannaf Abdur-Razzaaq, Rasulullah (Sallallaahu A'laihi Wasallam) said:
"Do not consider the Sajdah unless you have got the Ruku’."
Hazrat Abdullah Bin Mas'ud (Radiyallahu anhu) said:
"If the Musalli did not get the Ruku’, then the Sajdah also does not count." (Musannaf Ibn Abu Shaibah, Musannaf Abdur-Razzaaq, Tibraani)
By this, we can deduce that one should get the Ruku’ for the Sajdah to count. If a person did not get the Ruku’, it means that merely getting the Sajdah will not make him get that Rak’aat. Therefore, he must replace this Rak'aat. According to Mu'atta of Imaam Maalik, Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (Radiyallahu anhu) and Hazrat Zaid bin Saabit (Radiyallahu anhu) said:
"The one who has got the Ruku’ has also got the Sajdah."
According to another Hadith of Mu'atta itself, Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (Radiyallahu anhu) said:
"When you have missed the Ruku’, it means that you have missed the Sajdah (also)."
What we understand from the Fatwa of Hazrat Abdullah Bin Umar (Radiyallahu Anhu) is that if a person got the Ruku’, then automatically he got the Sajdah also. It is a way of saying that he has got the Rak’at. According to Musannaf Abdur-Razzaaq, Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (Radiyallahu Anhu) says:
"If you join the Imaam in the Ruku’ before he stands up straight, then you have got the Rak'aat. And if the Imaam has already stood up from the Ruku’ before you could join him, then you have missed the Rak'aat."
According to Mu'atta Imaam Maalik according to the version of Qa'nabi and Ibn Bukair, Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (Radiyallahu Anhu) and Hazrat Zaid bin Saabit (Radiyallahu Anhu) said:
"The one who goes in Ruku’ before the Imaam stands up straight from this posture, has got the Sajdah also."
According to Musannaf of Ibn Abu Shaibah, Hazrat ‘Ali (Radiyallahu Anhu) and Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ud (Radiyallahu Anhu) said:
"The Sajdah should not be taken into consideration if one did not get the Ruku’."
According to Musannaf of Ibn Abi Shaibah, the eminent Taabi'i, Hazrat Said bin Al-Musayyab (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh) said:
"The one who joins the Imaam in Ruku’ before he raises his head, has got the Sajdah also."
Haafiz Ibn Abdul Barr says in his Sharh-ul-Istizkaar:
"The majority of the Fuqaha (jurists) say that the one who has made Takbeer, placed his hands on his knees and joined the Imaam in the Ruku’ before the Imaam stands up straight, has got this Rak'aat. The one who did not manage to do this, has missed the Ruku’ and the Sajdah also. That is, the Sajdah should not be considered when the Ruku’ has been missed.
This is also the opinion of Imaam Malik (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh), Imaam Abu Hanifah (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh) and his companions, As-Sauri (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh), Al Auzaai (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh), Abu Saur (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh), Imaam Ahmad (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh) and Imaam I'shaaq (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh). The same thing was narrated by Hazrat ‘Ali (Radiyallahu Anhu), Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ud (Radiyallahu Anhu), Hazrat Zaid (Radiyallahu Anhu) and Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (Radiyallahu Anhu)."
As for the statement of Hazrat Abu Hurairah (Radiyallahu Anhu) according to which a Rak'aat does not count if one has missed the Qiyaam with the Imaam, Haafiz Ibn Abdul Barr says:
"According to our knowledge, this is an opinion that has not been adopted by any of the Fuqaha of the cities. Moreover there is discussion regarding its Sanad (chain of narration)."
According to Mirqaat of Allaamah ‘Al Al-Qaari, Allaamah Ibn Hajar (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh) says:
“A group of scholars of Hadith and that of the Fuqaha (jurists) among our companions say that a person does not get a Rak'aat automatically even if he has got the Ruku’ (with the Imaam).”
They base it on the Hadith that says:
“The one who sees the Imaam in Ruku’ must join the Imaam in this posture and after (the Salah), he must replace this Rak'aat.”
This opinion has been refuted as it goes against Ijma. Moreover, it is not an authentic Hadith. Allaamah An-Nawawi (Rahmatullahi Alaiyh) said that all the people (Ulama) from all eras have rejected this Hadith. Therefore, we cannot consider it. All this shows that when one has got the Ruku’ with the Imaam before the latter stands up straight, it means that one has got the Rak'aat. There is no need to replace it.
[English version of "Gagne roukou’ avec Imaam" – Al Jamiat – Vol.2 No.12]
